Health
What You Need to Know About the New Contagious Fungal STI
A rare and highly contagious fungal infection, resembling ringworm, has recently emerged in the United States and is causing concern among health professionals. This new fungal STI, known as Trichophyton mentagrophytes ITS genotype VII (TMVII), was identified in a case involving a man from New York City who had traveled to England, Greece, and California. He presented to the doctor with circular rashes on his penis, buttocks, limbs, and back. Researchers identified TMVII as the cause, according to a report published in June in JAMA Dermatology.
Dermatologists have been aware of this super contagious fungus for some time. Reports of TMVII have surfaced in Southeast Asia and Europe, with 13 known cases in France in 2023. Similar to ringworm and jock itch, TMVII can cause a scaly red rash. However, unlike these more common fungal infections that spread through skin-to-skin contact or by touching infected objects like towels or sheets, TMVII has a different mode of transmission.
“It’s problematic because of how it seems to spread, which appears to be through sexual contact,” Avrom Caplan, MD, lead author of the report and assistant professor of dermatology at NYU Grossman School of Medicine, tells SELF.
Twelve of the 13 infections in France last year were among men who have sex with men, and the patient in the JAMA Dermatology report mentioned having male sexual partners during his travels.
As a relatively new STI, there is still much to learn about TMVII and the best ways to manage it. Here are five important things to know about this very contagious, though still rare, fungus:
1. **TMVII Causes Unusual Lesions**: Unlike other tinea infections, the lesions caused by TMVII appear on genital skin, which is atypical. Dr. Caplan notes, “the lesions appear on genital skin, which isn’t typical.”
2. **Intense Itching is a Key Symptom**: Those infected with TMVII often experience intense itching. However, because doctors are not accustomed to seeing these infections on the buttocks or genitals, they might misdiagnose it as eczema or psoriasis.
3. **Potential for Stigma and Delayed Treatment**: Since TMVII is sexually transmitted, there is a concern that people might feel anxious or stressed about stigma. This could lead to delays in seeking medical advice, which Dr. Caplan warns can “lead to impaired quality of life and potential for further spread.”
4. **Transmission Through Sexual Contact**: Unlike other dermatophyte infections, TMVII spreads primarily through sexual contact. This mode of transmission is concerning and requires awareness and caution.
5. **Rareness and Geographic Spread**: Although TMVII is still rare, its presence in multiple countries, including recent cases in the US and France, indicates that it is spreading. Awareness and vigilance are essential to prevent further transmission.
Ringworm, jock itch, and athlete’s foot are all caused by dermatophytes that live on the skin, hair, or nails. These infections typically manifest as red, scaly, itchy rashes that can be ring-shaped. They usually appear in moist areas like the limbs, scalp, groin, feet, or nails. Despite their name, ringworm infections have nothing to do with actual worms.
These infections are generally picked up through casual contact with people, pets, or public spaces like locker rooms or pool areas. Until recently, they were not considered sexually transmitted.
The emergence of TMVII highlights the need for increased awareness and understanding of this new fungal STI. By recognizing the symptoms and seeking timely medical advice, individuals can help prevent the spread of this contagious infection.
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