Health
Early-Onset GI Cancers Climb in Young Adults
Health Points
- Rates of gastrointestinal cancers, including pancreas, appendix, and stomach cancers, are rising in adults under 50.
- Women, as well as Black, Hispanic, and Indigenous people, face greater risks and disparities in outcomes.
- Lifestyle changes, such as diet, obesity, and physical inactivity, may be contributing to the increase.
New research highlights a concerning trend: more people under 50 are being diagnosed with various gastrointestinal cancers, not just colon cancer. The rise includes pancreatic, appendix, and gastric cancers, prompting calls for greater awareness and vigilance among younger adults.
Colorectal cancer remains the most common early-onset GI cancer, but appendix and pancreatic cancers show some of the steepest increases. Incidence rates of these cancers have climbed significantly in recent years.
Suneel D. Kamath, MD, a gastrointestinal oncologist, said awareness is greater for colon cancer partly because routine screening starts at age 45. He cautioned that other GI cancers are also on the rise in young people, with appendix cancers jumping by 15% over the past decade.
“Significant racial disparities have been reported,” said study co-author Sara Char, MD. Women and people from certain racial and ethnic backgrounds face higher risks and poorer survival rates for early-onset GI cancers.
Genetics contribute to a portion of these cancers, but experts point to changing lifestyle habits as key drivers. Increasing rates of overweight and obesity, especially among young adults, along with high consumption of red meats and processed foods, excessive drinking, and sedentary routines, are all believed to play a part.
Experts urge younger adults to pay attention to persistent digestive symptoms—like changes in bowel habits, indigestion, or bloating—and consult a doctor early. Many of these symptoms can look like common gut issues, making early diagnosis challenging.
“Many people also feel it is taboo to discuss topics surrounding bowels and digestion. It’s time to change that,” Char added.
With awareness growing and ongoing research, early detection and improved outcomes are possible. Staying vigilant about digestive health is key.
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